INDIRECT AND DIRECT SPEECH PART-1

INTRODUCTION

This blog is about INDIRECT AND DIRECT SPEECH. Lots of students were confused about their exact difference. so in this, I am going to clear your all doubts, firstly we will understand what is Indirect and direct speech:-

DIRECT – WHEN WE PRESENT THE WORDS OF THE SPEAKER EXACTLY WHAT HE/SHE SAID IN FRONT OF OTHERS WE CALLED IT DIRECT SPEECH.

INDIRECT – WHEN WE DO NOT PRESENT EXACT WORDS OF SPEAKER AND ADD OUR OWN WORDS AS WELL BEFORE SHARING THAT SENTENCE TO OTHERS CALLED INDIRECT SPEECH.

Therefore, Narration is very helpful to deliver the messages to others in the correct way. Additionally, students always remained confused about the reported speech or narration. Here in the blog, you will get every small detail about Narration.

INDIRECT AND DIRECT SPEECH EXAMPLES (WITH 1 PERSON)

We always use DIRECT SENTENCES IN INVERTED COMMAS (” “) and in INDIRECT WE USE THAT IN PLACE OF INVERTED COMMAS. Moreover, All the above examples are in PRESENT. At present, you always have to use S/ES with SINGULAR after SAY and do not use it with PLURAL subjects such as – HE SAYS, “I AM BUSY and THEY SAY, “WE ARE BUSY”.

Moreover, we have seen above how to make both direct and indirect sentences in present. Additionally, now we are going to make the examples in PAST NARRATION.

(DIRECT) RAVI SAID, “I AM YOUR WELL-WISHER”.

(INDIRECT) RAVI SAID THAT HE WAS YOUR WELL-WISHER.

(DIRECT) RAKESH SAID, “BECOME HONEST AND HARD-WORKING”.

(INDIRECT) RAKESH SAID THAT BECOME HONEST AND HARDWORKING.

(DIRECT) THE SHOPKEEPER SAID, “I SELL SUGAR”.

(INDIRECT) THE SHOPKEEPER SAID THAT HE SOLD SUGAR.

(DIRECT) THE CHILD SAID, “PLEASE GIVE ME A CHOCOLATE”.

(INDIRECT) THE CHILD SAID THAT PLEASE GIVE HIM A CHOCOLATE.

(DIRECT) ABHISHEK SAID, “I AM A LAWYER”.

(INDIRECT) ABHISHEK SAID THAT HE WAS A LAWYER.

(DIRECT) RANI SAID, “I LOVE COOKIES”.

(INDIRECT) RANI SAID THAT SHE LOVED COOKIES.

Similarly, you have observed that we have used SAID in PAST (DIRECT). Therefore, we have to use the same word SAID in the PAST (INDIRECT) as well.

INDIRECT AND DIRECT SPEECH EXAMPLES WITH (2 PERSONS)

You can add the 2nd person as well in your sentences such as –(DIRECT) Ravi says to Meena, “I am busy” and Shivam says to Meena, “I am ready”. Similarly, In INDIRECT, When we add the 2nd person in our sentence the word SAY OR SAYS will turn into TELL OR TELLS. for example:- (INDIRECT) Ravi tells Meena that He was busy and Shivam tells Meena that He was ready

In PAST the word (SAY) or (SAYS) will turn into (SAID) in (DIRECT) and (SAID) will turn into the word (TOLD) in (INDIRECT). FOR EXAMPLE:-

BUT ALWAYS REMEMBER THAT “SAID” WILL TURN INTO “TOLD” ONLY WHEN THERE IS 2ND PERSON IN A SENTENCE IF THERE IS NO 2ND PERSON THEN THE WORD “SAID” WILL REMAIN THE SAME.

(DIRECT) ANKIT SAID TO ME, “I AM BUSY”.

(INDIRECT) ANKIT TOLD ME THAT HE WAS BUSY.

(DIRECT) HE SAID TO ME, “I AM HUNGRY”.

(INDIRECT) HE TOLD ME THAT HE WAS HUNGRY.

(DIRECT) SHE SAID TO HER, “I AM A STUDENT”.

(INDIRECT) SHE TOLD HER THAT SHE WAS A STUDENT.

(DIRECT) I SAID TO MY SISTER, “HE IS NOT AN HONEST PERSON”.

(INDIRECT) I TOLD MY SISTER THAT HE WAS NOT AN HONEST PERSON.

(DIRECT) HE SAID TO HIS FRIEND, “I WRITE NOVELS”.

(INDIRECT) HE TOLD HIS FRIEND THAT HE WROTE NOVELS.

(DIRECT) AMRITA SAID TO HER MOTHER, “I HAVE PASSED THE EXAMINATION”.

(INDIRECT) AMRITA TOLD HER MOTHER THAT SHE HAD PASSED THE EXAMINATION.

(DIRECT) ARJUN SAID TO HIS FATHER, “I HAVE GONE TO MANALI”.

(INDIRECT) ARJUN TOLD HIS FATHER THAT HE HAD GONE TO MANALI.

INDIRECT AND DIRECT SPEECH (CHANGE OF TENSE)

DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH IS ALSO CALLED REPORTED SPEECH. Furthermore, the reported speech will change it’s tense accordingly given below:-

Furthermore, the verb will also change:-

Shall – should, will – would, can – could, may – might, Is/am/are – was/were, has/have – had, was/were – had been, had to + v1 – had had to + v1, could/should/would/might will not change.

INDIRECT AND DIRECT SPEECH (CHANGE OF OTHER PARTS OF SPEECH)

If the reported speech is in the past so the words which are showing near will turn into the distance. FOR EXAMPLE:-

This will turn into that, these – those, here – there, hence – thence, now – then, thus – so, today – that day, yesterday – previous day/the day before, the day before yesterday – two days before/ a couple of days before, tomorrow – the next day/the following day, tonight – that night, this day – that day, the day after tomorrow – In two days time, last week – the previous week/the week before, last month – the previous month/the month before, last year – the previous year/the year before, last night – the previous night/the night before, last day – the previous day/the day before.

Next day – the following week, next month – the following month, next year – the following year, next night – the following night, next day – the following day, a year ago – a year before.

UNIVERSAL TRUTH/GENERAL TRUTH/NATURAL LAW

If the sentence is in universal truth/natural law or general truth then there will be no change in the tense.

FOR EXAMPLE:-

MORE EXAMPLES –

(DIRECT) – MY TEACHER SAID TO ME, “THE EARTH REVOLVES AROUND THE SUN”.

(INDIRECT) – MY TEACHER TOLD ME THAT THE EARTH REVOLVES AROUND THE SUN.

(DIRECT) – MY MOTHER SAID, “THE HONESTY IS THE BEST POLICY”.

(INDIRECT) – MY MOTHER SAID THAT THE HONESTY IS THE BEST POLICY.

(DIRECT) – HE SAID, “FIVE OR FIVE IS TEN”.

(INDIRECT) – HE SAID THAT FIVE OR FIVE IS TEN.

(DIRECT) – SHE SAID, “TRUE FRIENDSHIP IS RARE”.

(INDIRECT) – SHE SAID THAT TRUE FRIENDSHIP IS RARE.

(DIRECT) – MY FATHER SAID TO MY BROTHER, “THE WORK IS WORSHIP”.

(INDIRECT) – MY FATHER TOLD MY BROTHER THAT THE WORK IS WORSHIP.

Moreover, the DIRECT and INDIRECT SPEECH or NARRATION will help you to have a strong communication base with others without any grammatical faults and it will enhance your speaking skills as well.

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