RULES OF DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH PART-2
INTRODUCTION
This blog is all about THE RULES OF DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH. Moreover, in a previous blog, you have learned about what is the meaning of Direct and Indirect Speech, if you have not read you can CLICK HERE. Furthermore, we will also learn about how we can make sentences if the reported speech is in INTERROGATIVE (QUESTION). Similarly, we will make IMPERATIVE/NEGATIVE, OPTATIVE, and EXCLAMATORY SENTENCES as well.
Moreover, lots of students know how to speak in English but lack of practice made their language un-updated and cliche which nobody prefers. Furthermore, if you want to impress your colleagues in the office, interviewee, or any other you have to be up to date with your communication as well, you have to make sure that about the right use of sentences and vocabulary.
RULES OF DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH (INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES)
When reported speech or Direct speech is in an Interrogative sentence then you have to follow these rules while making Indirect sentences mentioned below –
- Reporting verb ‘SAY’ will turn into ‘ASK’.
2. Inverted commas (” “) will disappear.
3. you have to use the word WHETHER/IF in between or in place of comma (,)
4. If the sentence starts from where/when/how/who/whose etc. then we will use these same in place of whether.
5. If the sentence started from DO/DOES or DID then in that situation these DO/DOES or DID will disappear and if the sentence is negative then this same do/does/did will come before NOT.
FOR EXAMPLE:-
MORE EXAMPLES:-
(DIRECT) THE GARDENER SAID TO HIS SON, “DO YOU BUY TOYS”?
(INDIRECT) THE GARDENER ASKED HIS SON DID HE BUY TOYS?
(DIRECT) THE FARMER SAID TO HIS DAUGHTER, “WHAT DO YOU COOK”?
(INDIRECT) THE FARMER ASKED HIS DAUGHTER WHAT DID SHE COOK?
(DIRECT) THE MOTHER SAID TO HER DAUGHTER, “WHERE DO YOU BUY THESE COMBS”?
(INDIRECT) THE MOTHER ASKED HER DAUGHTER WHERE DID SHE BUY THESE COMBS?
(DIRECT) ROSHAN SAID TO SHIVAM, “WHY DON’T YOU STUDY FOR 8 HOURS”?
(INDIRECT) ROSHAN ASKED SHIVAM WHY DIDN’T HE STUDY FOR 8 HOURS?
(DIRECT) HE SAID TO ME, “IS THERE CROWD ON ROAD”?
(INDIRECT) HE ASKED ME WAS THERE CROWD ON ROAD?
(DIRECT) DIVANSHU SAID TO MANALI, “WHO IS THERE?
(INDIRECT) DIVANSHU ASKED TO MANALI WHO WAS THERE?
(DIRECT) REENA SAID TO DAISY, “HAVE YOU COMPLETED YOUR ASSIGNMENT”?
(INDIRECT) REENA ASKED DAISY HAD YOU COMPLETED YOUR ASSIGNMENT?
RULES OF DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH (IMPERATIVE/NEGATIVE-IMPERATIVE SENTENCES)
When reported speech or Direct speech is in IMPERATIVE/NEGATIVE-IMPERATIVE SENTENCE then you have to follow these rules while making Indirect sentences mentioned below –
- Use words in place of SAY/SAID such as ADVICE/ORDER/COMMAND/REQUEST/SUGGEST/FORBID/PROHIBIT/TELL/ASK, etc.
2. If reporting verb has words like PLEASE/KINDLY/SIR/MADAM, etc. Then we will use RESPECTFULLY in INDIRECT in a place of these words.
3. Inverted commas (” “) will turn into TO/NOT TO words.
FOR EXAMPLE:-
MORE EXAMPLES:-
(DIRECT) ARVIND SAID TO ME, “DO YOU WORK ON TIME”.
(INDIRECT) ARVIND ADVISED ME TO DO MY WORK ON TIME.
(DIRECT) THE DOCTOR SAID TO THE PATIENT, “TAKE MEDICINE REGULARLY”.
(INDIRECT) THE DOCTOR SUGGESTED THE PATIENT TAKE MEDICINE REGULARLY.
(DIRECT) THE ADVOCATE SAID TO THE CLIENT, “FOLLOW UP ON THE CASE CAREFULLY”.
(INDIRECT) THE ADVOCATE SUGGESTED THE CLIENT FOLLOW UP ON THE CASE CAREFULLY.
(DIRECT) THE TEACHER SAID TO THE STUDENTS, “KEEP QUIET”.
(INDIRECT) THE TEACHER ASKED THE STUDENTS TO KEEP QUIET.
(DIRECT) MY FRIEND SAID TO ME, “SIT HERE”.
(INDIRECT) MY FRIEND TOLD ME TO SIT THERE.
(DIRECT) THE CAPTAIN SAID TO JAWANS, “LAY DOWN THE GUNS”.
(INDIRECT) THE CAPTAIN COMMANDED THE JAWANS TO LAY DOWN THE GUNS.
(DIRECT) HE SAID TO ME, “DON’T OPEN THE WINDOW”.
(INDIRECT) HE ASKED ME NOT TO OPEN THE WINDOW.
(DIRECT) THE FATHER SAID TO HIS SON, “DON’T SMOKE”.
(INDIRECT) THE FATHER PROHIBITED HIS SON FROM SMOKING.
Moreover, you can also use FORBADE instead of PROHIBITED in INDIRECT, for example – THE FATHER FORBADE HIS SON TO SMOKE.
RULES OF DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH (OPTATIVE SENTENCES)
Optative sentences in reported speech or Direct speech are used to WISH/PRAYER/BLESSINGS and to CURSE. Follow these rules while making the Indirect sentences mentioned below:-
- Use words in place of SAY/SAID such as PRAY/PRAYED/WISH/WISHED/BLESS/BLESSED/CURSE/CURSED etc. According to the sentence.
2. Inverted commas (” “) will change into THAT in INDIRECT speech
3. In optative sentences DIRECT Speech has an exclamation mark (!) at the end and this exclamation will turn into a point (.) at the end of the INDIRECT speech.
FOR EXAMPLE:-
MORE EXAMPLES:-
(DIRECT) THEY SAID, “MAY GOD SAVE US FROM CORRUPT LEADERS”!
(INDIRECT) THEY WISHED/PRAYED THAT GOD MIGHT SAVE THEM FROM CORRUPT LEADERS.
(DIRECT) THE SAINT SAID TO ME, “MAY YOU LIVE LONG”!
(INDIRECT) THE SAINT BLESSED ME THAT I MIGHT LIVE LONG.
(DIRECT) THE PEOPLE OF THE COUNTRY SAID, ” OUR PRESIDENT DR. KALAM LIVE LONG”!
(INDIRECT) THE PEOPLE OF THE COUNTRY WISHED/PRAYED THAT THEIR PRESIDENT DR. KALAM MIGHT LIVE LONG.
(DIRECT) THE FATHER SAID TO HIS SON, “YOU MAY GET SUCCEESS”!
(INDIRECT) THE FATHER WISHED/PRAYED HIS SON THAT HE MIGHT GET SUCCESS.
(DIRECT) MY FRIEND SAID TO ME, “GOD HELPS YOU”!
(INDIRECT) MY FRIEND BLESSED ME THAT GOD HELPS ME.
RULES OF DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH (EXCLAMATORY SENTENCES)
If you find those words in Direct speech which present feelings such as JOY/SORROW/SURPRISE/ANGER/CONTEMPT/APPLAUSE/REGRET, etc. then these sentences are called exclamatory sentences. Follow these rules while making the Indirect sentences mentioned below:-
- Use words in place of SAY/SAID such as EXCLAIMED WITH JOY/EXCLAIMED WITH JOY/EXCLAIMED WITH SURPRISE/ANGER/CONTEMPT/APPLAUSE etc. According to the sentence.
2. Inverted commas (” “) will change into THAT in the INDIRECT speech.
3. AH! OH! ALAS! BRAVO! HURRAH! etc will disappear in the INDIRECT speech.
4. In optative sentences DIRECT Speech has an exclamation mark (!) at the end and this exclamation will turn into a point (.) at the end of the INDIRECT speech.
FOR EXAMPLE:-
MORE EXAMPLES:-
(DIRECT) – THE MERCHANT SAID, “ALAS! I AM RUINED.”
(INDIRECT) – THE MERCHANT EXCLAIMED WITH SORROW THAT HE WAS RUINED.
(DIRECT) – TINKU SAID, “HOW FOOLISHLY HE TALKS!”
(INDIRECT) – TINKU EXCLAIMED WITH ANGER/CONTEMPT THAT HE TALKED UTTERLY FOOLISHLY.
(DIRECT) – THE BOYS SAID, “HURRAH! WE HAVE GOT A PRIZE.”
(INDIRECT) – THE BOYS EXCLAIMED WITH JOY THAT THEY HAD GOT A PRIZE.
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